Carbon Shifting

Collect Meter Data

A battery had the following activity derived from hourly meter data.

Consumed charging energy (MWh)	5,000
Injected discharging energy (MWh)	4,250
Round-trip efficiency	85%

Assess Charging Emissions

Based on location and following the PECA methodology, REsurety was chosen as the emissions data source.

Marginal Emissions Rate (MER)

Average charging MER (tCO2/MWh)	0.20
Total charging carbon impact (tCO2)	1,000

Hour	MWh	Average MER (tCO2/MWh)	Total Carbon Impact (tCO2)
1	0		0
2	0		0
3	0		0
4	0		0
5	0		0
6	200	0.15	30
7	1000	0.25	250
8	2000	0.2	400
9	1100	0.1	110
10	700	0.3	210
11	0		0
12	0		0
13	0		0
14	0		0
15	0		0
16	0		0
17	0		0
18	0		0
19	0		0
20	0		0
21	0		0
22	0		0
23	0		0
24	0		0

Match Hours of Charging with CFE Generation

PECs are retired to match hours of charging, complying with the EnergyTag Standard.

This example uses average MER to calculate carbon impact. In practice, carbon impact is calculated hourly.

Retired PECs	5000
Retired PEC Average MER (tCO2/MWh)	0.18
Percent hourly-matched	100%
Carbon Impact of Retired PECs (tCO2)	-900
Remaining charging carbon impact (tCO2)	1,000 – 900 = 100
Percent emissions-matched	90%

Submit Project Data for Verification and PEC Issuance

The PEC registry verifies the meter data, emissions data, and retired PECs. Upon completion, a Power Emissions Proof Report will be created along with the issued PECs.

Average discharging MER (tCO2/MWh)	0.45
Gross discharge carbon impact (tCO2)	4,250 * 0.45 = -1,912.5
Adjusted discharge carbon impact (tCO2)	-1,912.5 + 100 = -1,812.5
Issued PECs	4,250
Issued PEC Average MER (tCO2/MWh)	0.43

Hour	MWh	Average MER (tCO2/MWh)	Total Carbon Impact (tCO2)
1	0		0
2	0		0
3	0		0
4	0		0
5	0		0
6	0		0
7	0		0
8	0		0
9	0		0
10	0		0
11	0		0
12	0		0
13	0		0
14	0		0
15	-1000	0.4	-400
16	-200	0.45	-90
17	-1700	0.5	-850
18	-800	0.3	-240
19	-550	0.6	-330
20	0		0
21	0		0
22	0		0
23	0		0
24	0		0

Carbon Accounting

By shifting the hours of CFE generation, this battery has converted 5,000 low-impact PECs into 4,250 high-impact PECs.

Net carbon impact (tCO2) (charging + discharging)	1000 + -1,912.5 = -912.5
Adjusted Net Carbon Impact (tCO2) (charging + discharging + retired PECs)	(1000 + -900) + -1,912.5 = -1,812.5

Hour	MWh	Average MER (tCO2/MWh)	Total Carbon Impact (tCO2)
1	0		0
2	0		0
3	0		0
4	0		0
5	0		0
6	200	0.15	30
7	1000	0.25	250
8	2000	0.2	400
9	1100	0.1	110
10	700	0.3	210
11	0		0
12	0		0
13	0		0
14	0		0
15	-1000	0.4	-400
16	-200	0.45	-90
17	-1700	0.5	-850
18	-800	0.3	-240
19	-550	0.6	-330
20	0		0
21	0		0
22	0		0
23	0		0
24	0		0

Contract Settlement

Settling the PEC agreement using a predetermined carbon price.

Carbon price ($/tCO2)	$100
Issued PECs Sales Revenue	$181,250
Retired PEC Cost	-$90,000
Net Profit	$91,250